PA585 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR Essay

PA585 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR - Essay Example Responsibility of local governments is increasing day by day but their financial position does not improve with the same speed. Hence local governments resort to intergovernmental transfers for small amounts to meet school related expenditures. Though this is the fact, financial aid from the state and the federal is on a reducing trend. When federal aid was reduced during the Reagan era, state funds came to the rescue of local governments to suffice their revenue needs. Later, state support also declined because it had to manage its budgets. Hence decrease in revenue has led to a collective slowdown in the economy of local regions. (Fahim, 2005). On the whole, the service delivery of local government to citizens is affected which is in turn controlled by political driven policies. This has raised arguments on the role of the American government with respect to its function and costs. Poor funding from federal programs has created an impact on the local government leader’s responsibilities and tasks, opinion on elected leaders and questions the role of citizens and the method with which local governance is carried out. Citizens feel that local governments are more dependable and efficient than the federal or state authorities. Hence citizens require the local government to play a detailed role in terms of requirements, priorities and methods to solve their issues. Though citizens require good service from the government they are reluctant to pay high amount of tax to avail better services. This has put the local government in a thoughtful condition where the government is in a position to implement innovative methods to draft budgets and manage funds in order to maintain a good relationship with citizens. Councils, governing bodies, boards, managers and staff who form the members of the local government structure are responsible to carry out the affairs of the citizens in

School prefects generally enforce rules Essay Example for Free

School prefects generally enforce rules Essay 1. Prefects have been part of the British school system for decades, but many Americans had not heard of the concept until the advent of the Harry Potter books. School prefects are somewhat similar to the American hall monitor; students who are basically an extension of the school administration and are utilized to enforce school regulations. Prefects are usually chosen because of their maturity, leadership qualities and good behavior, so being chosen as a prefect Prefects are student leaders typically chosen by their teachers or peers based on academic or moral merit. Generally found in private education institutions in Great Britain, the school prefect plays a role similar to that of a hall monitor or student body government representative. Being a prefect requires leadership, responsibility and dedication to the management and efficiency of school policy in regard to his fellow students. Prefects are assigned area-specific duties on a daily basis to make sure school standards are continuously maintained. 1. Monitor Designated Areas * Prefects usually monitor one or more specific areas of the school, such as the hallways, library, common areas, lunchroom, bathrooms and assembly rooms. It is each prefects job to know when and where he is on duty at all times. But prefects are never off duty altogether, and may still administer discipline in an area they are not not assigned. In general, monitoring an area entails ensuring the students are maintaining good behavior, that there is no yelling, running, loitering or other disorderly behavior, and that the area is kept clean and free of trash. Prefects also must make sure any queue lines are orderly and that movement in and out of the area is carried out in an effective and efficient manner. 2.Uphold School Rules and Regulations * Prefects are, above all, leaders and role models for their fellow students. As such, it is important that they embody, follow and uphold all school rules and regulations, including dress and behavior codes. They should treat other students with dignity and respect, attempting to solve all disciplinary matters without physical action or intimidation. Prefects should remind their fellow students of the rules without arguing or debating the topic, and should discipline everyone in the same manner, leaving out personal or emotional payback. * 3.Report Incidents * When a prefect cannot handle a difficult situation himself, he must report the incident according to school policy. Reportable incidents include intimidation or abuse of fellow students, damage to personal or school property, breaking school rules and situations of severe personal disrespect. Methods of reporting incidents include notifying a senior prefect, a teacher or other administrator, or by filling out a form which leaves the situation to be dealt with by an appropriate staff member. Students will them be reprimanded or punished according to school policy for the specific matter. it has its irritations, is considered an honor. 4.Lead by Example * One of the most important duties of a head boy is to lead by example. Each day at school, he must act in keeping with school rules and regulations, keeping in mind that other students will look to him for behavioral clues. This includes showing up to class on time, participating in school events, maintaining good grades and showing school spirit at sporting events. 5.Represent the School Head boys are often required to be ambassadors for their school at events around the county or even the country. At these events, which may include festivals and conferences, the head boy may speak on behalf of the student body, volunteer or man a school booth. At school parents evenings 6.Organize Prefect Duties * The head boy is responsible for organizing school prefects, who are leaders from each grade level. He must plan and assign duties, head meetings, explain the rules and regulations and is often the first line for prefect conflicts. The head boy ensures that prefects are taking care of their supervisory responsibilities and may speak with teachers to discuss any issues. 7.Participate on Committees * During the course of a school year, the head boy is responsible for serving on various committees to plan school events. He may head up committees for dances, school carnivals, newspaper activities, clubs or other organized events. He may also handle fund-raising events. 8.Read Daily Bulletins * Depending on the school, the head boy may read daily announcements, whether it be over a loudspeaker system or in person at assembly. 9.Resource for Students * The head boy is often the person younger students go to when they are having problems with bullies or when they run into other trouble at school. Depending on the school, the head boy has a varying level of authority in such situations, but is always able to give advice and may organize a mediation session when necessary.

The Coming of Age Theme in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis C

Many have compared life to a journey over the course of which, one experiences many tumultuous changes and transitions. On this journey, the human body continually undergoes a developmental pattern of physical, mental, and social modifications. Even in the realm of literature, fictional characters inevitably follow this fate. In literature, the stage between childhood innocence and adulthood transforms characters, this is frequently referred to as "coming of age". Because all humans experience this transition, it establishes "coming of age" as a timeless universal literary theme. Among such "coming of age" novels is Lewis Carroll’s tale about a seven-year-old Victorian girl named Alice. In the novel, "Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland", Alice falls into the curious world of Wonderland. Alice assuages and manages inter-conflicts, such as her identity. Through the confusion, experimentation, and uncertainties of the Wonderland between childhood and adulthood Alice realize s in her unconscious state that she is changing from simple child into a young woman. Although the novel is notorious for its satire and parodies, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland main theme is the transition between childhood and adulthood. Moreover, Alice’s adventures illustrate the perplexing struggle between child and adult mentalities as she explores the curious world of development know as Wonderland. From the beginning in the hallway of doors, Alice stands at an awkward disposition. The hallway contains dozens of doors that are all locked. Alice’s pre-adolescent stage parallels with her position in the hallway. Alice’s position in the hallway represents that she is at a stage stuck between being a child and a young woman. She posses a small golden key to ... ... 2007. 70-93. Print. Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There. New York: The modern Library, 2002. Print Conchita, Charly Carlyle Ph.D. â€Å"Alice’s (& Lady Gaga’s) Sense of Self in Wonderland: A Psychoanalytic Formulation.† nymphobrainiac.wordpress. 5 March 2010. Web. May 2015. Pool, Daniel. What Jane Austin Ate and Charles Dickens knew .New York: Touch Stone. 1993. Print. Rooy, Lenny de. Lenny’s Alice in Wonderland site. Web. 1 May 2015. Vallone, Lynne. Notes. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There. By Lewis Carroll. New York: The Modern Library Classics, 2002.245-252. Print. Walker, Stan. "An overview of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland." Literature Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Literature Resource Center. Web. 4 May 2015.

Journal Entry Essay

The ability of change to become manifested in both man and environment gives each one the opportunity to create meaning in each action and scenario. Such idea can be taken either in a positive or negative manner and is dependent on the mindset and the relevant impact in can contribute to man and the environment. Seeing this, it change is inevitable however it has brought about different dimensions in understanding how it influences man’s actions or the formation of a scenario. Reflecting on the works of Faulkner, Capote and Weschler, one theme may circumvent in their reading – change. However their main difference is the way it was addressed and embodied by the characters in the story. I argue that these manifestations are necessarily generated by the choices we constantly make in our life. These in turn affect our environment as a whole as we try our best to adhere to the trends and standards of societal life. This in turn results in the transformation of customary beliefs, values and ideals of an individual to suit such need. Furthermore, it is with these decisions that we gain contentment and satisfaction in our ways. With the different challenges and distractions happening in our lives today, one may find it difficult to look for the appropriate ways that can make them happy. However, like the character of the old woman in Faulkner’s story, the path towards this may seem simple her eyes. For my part, I feel that by removing and distancing myself to these norms, I can get a glimpse of what I want and generate ideas that can provide satisfaction or contentment on my part. Such can contribute to the creation of meaning as I find ways to answer the questions and issues of my life.

The Evolution of Chil Custody Arrangements

The Evolution of Child Custody Arrangements Heather Gibson Southern New Hampshire University When a family splits, separates, divorces or a child is born out of wed lock for whatever reason one of the most difficult decisions to make are custody arrangements. Over the years the government has shifted its views from the child’s mother being the best fir for primary custody to â€Å"the best interest† of the child. What’s in the best interest of the child consists of both tangible and non-tangible things.The necessities include the ability to provide food, shelter and a a safe environment are important but also the stability of the parent psychologically and their mental health also begins to become part of the importance to the child. The person who has legal custody over a child is the person who makes import decisions in the child’s life. The determination of who should have custody in a child custody battle has become highly problematic over the years. M aternal preference was given as the best fit for the child. The mother was deemed more nurturing and caring as a parent.The United States held this idea for many years. In the world around them women were fighting for equal rights and in turn making men equal in the work force as well as a parent. The increase of divorces in the mid 1900’s and women going in the workforce led to the courts deciding what was in the best interest of the child rather than who was more motherly and nurturing. Another change that came about was the idea of joint custody, rather than sole custody. Today child custody can be as simple as two parents making the decision to share custody or on the opposite end the legal batter of who’s the better parent.Forensic psychologists help in informing the judge of who (unbiased) is the better parent or if joint custody would work out for the best interest of the child. They go through different competency evaluations, may visit the home or investigate further to determine custody. Although it seems women are still chosen as the better parent trend have shifted and men have a better chance at sole custody. Another evolution that has evolved is the familiarization of gay rights as parents. It is still unclear as it is emerging but it is food for thought.